Ch.7 ยท Net Asset Value, Total Expense Ratio and Pricing of Units

NAV Calculation Rules

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What is the 'NAV applicable for purchases made through cheque'?

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EXPLANATION

For cheque purchases, the applicable NAV depends on when the cheque is realised (cleared) in the AMC's account โ€” not when it is submitted. For purchases below โ‚น2 lakh, submission date NAV applies if submitted before cut-off. For โ‚น2 lakh and above, the NAV date is when funds are actually realised. This prevents investors from benefiting from market movements during the cheque clearing period.

What is 'amortisation' as a valuation method for short-maturity debt instruments?

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EXPLANATION

Amortisation values a debt instrument by accreting the discount (or amortising the premium) between purchase price and face value in a straight line over its remaining life. For money market instruments maturing within 30-60 days, SEBI permits amortisation instead of full MTM valuation, producing smoother NAV movement since these short-dated instruments have minimal price volatility.

What is the 'minimum balance' rule in mutual fund folios?

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EXPLANATION

Many schemes have a minimum balance requirement (e.g., minimum 100 units or โ‚น1,000). If a partial redemption would reduce the folio balance below this minimum, the AMC may automatically redeem the entire remaining balance and close the folio. This prevents very small dormant balances that create administrative costs for the AMC and confusion for investors.

What is the 'Annual TER disclosure' requirement for AMCs?

A.Annual TER is disclosed only to SEBI and not to investors
B.AMCs must disclose the actual TER charged during the year in the scheme's annual report and on the AMC website โ€” both Regular and Direct Plan TER must be separately shown
C.Annual TER disclosure is only required if TER changed during the year
D.TER is disclosed quarterly but not annually

What information must be disclosed in the 'account statement' sent to investors after each transaction?

A.Only the number of units purchased and applicable NAV
B.Transaction details (date, type, amount, NAV, units), cumulative unit balance, current portfolio value, load details, and commission paid to distributor
C.Account statement must only be sent annually โ€” not after each transaction
D.Only cumulative portfolio value is shown โ€” individual transaction details are confidential

What is the 'Ongoing Expenses' vs 'One-Time Costs' distinction in mutual fund investing?

A.Ongoing expenses are paid daily; one-time costs are paid at year end
B.Ongoing expenses (TER) are deducted continuously from the scheme's assets; one-time costs (exit load on redemption, transaction charges) occur only when specific transactions happen
C.Ongoing expenses apply to debt funds; one-time costs apply to equity funds
D.Both ongoing and one-time costs are included in TER

How does the TER affect the NAV of the Regular Plan vs Direct Plan over 10 years?

A.The difference is negligible โ€” both plans deliver virtually the same NAV
B.Assuming 1% higher TER in Regular Plan: at 12% gross return, Regular Plan delivers ~11% net and Direct Plan ~12% โ€” over 10 years on โ‚น10 lakh this is roughly โ‚น28.39 lakh vs โ‚น31.06 lakh โ€” a difference of โ‚น2.67 lakh
C.Direct Plan NAV is always exactly 10% higher than Regular Plan NAV
D.Regular Plan NAV is higher because it has more investors which improves portfolio management

How does NAV change when large redemptions occur in a mutual fund scheme?

A.NAV falls proportionally to the redemption amount
B.NAV itself does not change due to redemptions โ€” units are cancelled and assets liquidated; remaining unit holders are unaffected if assets are sold at fair market value
C.NAV increases when large redemptions reduce the number of units outstanding
D.NAV doubles if 50% of units are redeemed

What valuation method is used for equity securities in NAV calculation?

A.Historical cost โ€” the price at which the security was purchased
B.Last traded price on the principal stock exchange (NSE or BSE) or fair value determined by the AMC for unlisted securities
C.Average of opening and closing prices on the trading day
D.Book value as reported in the company's latest quarterly results

What is the significance of 'brokerage and transaction costs' within TER for actively managed funds?

A.Brokerage is not included in TER โ€” it is a separate charge to investors
B.Brokerage costs on portfolio transactions are included within TER โ€” higher portfolio turnover leads to higher brokerage costs which increase TER and reduce investor returns
C.SEBI mandates zero brokerage for mutual fund portfolio transactions
D.Brokerage is capped at 0.01% per transaction for all mutual funds

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